Nitrate film: life expectancy and deterioration
With proper storage, nitrate base films can last several decades or even for generations, according to Kodak (n.d.). By providing optimal conditions for the film's storage and exhibition, an institution may even allow them to be shown to the public, allowing film enthusiasts to view older movies as they were originally presented.
Without proper storage and care, cellulose nitrate can shrink to a point where it is unusable. This shrinking causes a breakdown of the "subbing" layer, which holds the emulsion to the base (National Film and Sound Archive, n.d.). “As the film breaks down, it gives off nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and other gases that yellow the film base, . . . soften gelatin, and oxidize the silver image.” High temperatures, high humidity, and lack of ventilation are known to accelerate deterioration. (Kodak, n.d.).